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Gold Coins
 Lucius Vitellius, depicted on the reverse of this coin, was father of the emperor Vitellius, a Roman senator, three times consul, and governor of Syria from 35 to 39 A.D. In 36 A.D. Lucius Vitellius fired Pontius Pilate, the infamous prefect of Judaea. A Samaritan, claiming to be Moses reincarnate, gathered an armed following. Pilate dispersed the crowd by killing some and taking many prisoners. After he executed the ringleaders, the Samaritans appealed to Vitellius, complaining that Pilate's response was excessive. Vitellius, agreed, sent Pilate back to Italy and appointed Marcellus. In support of Claudius and Agrippina, Vitellius invented arguments why the old rule that an uncle and his niece should not marry, did not apply to the emperor. The new empress returned the favor. When Vitellius was accused of high treason by the senator Junius Lupus, she made sure that Claudiusexiled the accuser. Vitellius died unexpectedly from a paralytic stroke and received a statue on the speaker's platform on the Roman Forum, with theinscription "Of unwavering loyalty to the emperor." His unwavering loyalty was later criticized by Tacitus: "The man, I am aware, had a bad name at Rome, and many a foul story was told of him. But in the government of provinces he acted with the virtue of ancient times. He returned and then, through fear of Caligula and intimacy with Claudius, degenerated into a servility so base that he is regarded by an after-generation as the type of the most degrading adulation. The beginning of his career was forgotten in its end, and an old age of infamy effaced the virtues of youth." [Tacitus, Annals, 6.32; tr. A.J. Church and W.J. Brodribb] |
Gold Coins of the World: From Ancient Times To Present, 8th Edition |
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| Macedonian Kingdom, Philip III Arrhidaeus, 323 - 317 B.C., Struck by Archon, Dokimos, or Seleukos I | |
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This coin was struck under one of the Macedonian satraps in Babylon: Archon, Dokimos, or Seleukos I. Perdiccas suspected Archon of colluding in the theft of Alexander's corpse and, in 321 B.C., sent Dokimos to replace him. Archon was defeated and died from battle wounds. Seleucus, made satrap by Perdiccas rival Antipater, arrived in Babylon in October or November 320 B.C. and defeated Dokimos. |
| SH54774. Gold stater, Price P203, Müller P116, aEF, weight 8.564 g, maximum diameter 18.0 mm, die |
| Antoninus Pius, August 138 - 7 March 161 A.D. | |
 This interesting, but damaged, gold aureus, the highestdenomination in circulation and the equivalent of 25 silverdenarii, dates from the very end of AD 144. This is indicated by the inscription DES IIII which is a continuation of the obverselegend. It records the emperor's designation to a fourth consulship which was taken up on January 1st, AD 145, and was the final consulship held by Antoninus. |
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| Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D. |
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 The "Gold Tribute Penny." The Gospel of Thomas 100:1-4 (excluded from the New Testament) tells a slightly different version of the "Tribute Penny" story..."They showed Jesus a gold (coin) and said to him: Caesar’s agents demand taxes from us. He said to them: Give to Caesar what belongs toCaesar; give to God what belongs to God, and give to me wha is mine |
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Macedonian Kingdom, Philip II, 359 - 336 B.C. |
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 Philip II expanded the size and influence of the Macedonian Kingdom, but is perhaps best known as the father of Alexanderthe Great. He personally selected the design of his coins. |
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 Honorius, 23 January 393 - 15 August 423 A.D. |
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Transylvania, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Empress Maria Theresa, 1740 - 1780 |
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Byzantine Empire, Heraclius, Heraclius Constantine, and Heraclonas, 632 - 641 A.D. |
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Byzantine Empire, Heraclius & Heraclius Constantine, 23 January 613 - 11 January 641 A.D. |
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