تويت
Zewailah door between the doors of the most famous historical sites in Cairo
This section of the famous historic .. Zewailah door .. Entered the caliph of the faithful to the religion of God, a thousand years ago to its new capital, which is founded (Cairo), and here alsohang on the door Zewailah Tumanbay Sultan of Egypt and the hero of their struggle, and the commander of Mquaomadthaagainst the Ottoman invasion .. Out of all the doors of Old Cairo.. Victory, the conquests Alaqratin, HE, Altoqan, noodles and other doors, built by the rulers of Egypt are released Kiddaggressors, and beats the visitors and it opens themuncontrollable, and disagreed archaeologists on the issue, leaving them only a very limited number does not exceed the fingers of one hand, from all of these doors, the door will remainZewailah the most famous and those which are most associatedwith a history of a few days, the days when Egypt was the seat of the Islamic caliphate, what is the story of the door Zewailah?Why so called? What is the story of the Sultan ShaheedTumanbay who took the Sultanate after Qansuh Ghouri, and for ahundred days only club where the bullies and boys Shotar toparticipate with the forces of the Mamluks in fighting theinvaders, the Ottomans and the defense of their country, they wrote the finest epics blood in the streets of Cairo, and how ittook place and the Chronicle hanged ?
Did not show the idea of building portals around the cities in Egypt except in the era of the Fatimid state, when was the essence of Sicilian driving forces caliph of the religion of Allahfrom Kairouan to enter Egypt, where he founded the city of Cairo, which was not known by that name only after four years ofestablishment, when the arrival of goats for a debt God to Egypt, where we told the Maqrizi the fortress of Cairo called the firstname Mansourieh honor of those suburbs created by Al Mansour's father goats near Kairouan, then change the name toCairo and then called the (Cairo unguarded) during the reign ofCaliph al-Hakim, but in Mustansir era it became the (unguardedconsoling Cairo) and then change back to the consoling Cairoduring the reign of Caliph al-Ahkam Allah.
Did not show the idea of building portals around the cities in Egypt except in the era of the Fatimid state, when was the essence of Sicilian driving forces caliph of the religion of Allahfrom Kairouan to enter Egypt, where he founded the city of Cairo, which was not known by that name only after four years ofestablishment, when the arrival of goats for a debt God to Egypt, where we told the Maqrizi the fortress of Cairo called the firstname Mansourieh honor of those suburbs created by Al Mansour's father goats near Kairouan, then change the name toCairo and then called the (Cairo unguarded) during the reign ofCaliph al-Hakim, but in Mustansir era it became the (unguardedconsoling Cairo) and then change back to the consoling Cairoduring the reign of Caliph al-Ahkam Allah.
It is likely, historically, the commander is the essence of Sicilian has chosen to have this site to military considerations, as the cliffs that is to the east of them is considered as a defensive line hippocampus provided by nature, was not in the whole place just Monastery Coptic Old (Der bone) and the garden beautiful known garden Cavour, who ruled Egypt before the arrival of the Fatimids, and that the development of lists of workers to determine wooden fort, or the new palace will be the new headquarters of the Fatimid caliph until the incident has taken place and told by our historians wonder ..
Astrologers Moroccans stood talking amongst themselves to determine the date of commencement of work, and the bells were hung on cords extending from a column to another, waiting for a date determined by those wise men, and even the workers begin .. But something had happened hit everyone surprised and stunned, as the birds stop at the edge of a column, I took all the bells ringing, and then started digging shovels, and the moment may bells, the planet Mars on the rise, and Mars, one of His names is omnipotent .. Thus began the first steps of building Cairo over time! ..
Since the foundations of the essence of the Sicilian city of Cairo, was keen on building a fence around punctuated by eight gates, and the essence of many reasons for this, notably that of the Fatimid state that all it ruled Egypt also Shia, while the people of Egypt to Sunni Islam, is the view of the two Abbasid and Umayyad Hence the rulers Fatimids fear since the first moments of the rule of apostasy for Egyptian loyalty to them and join under the banner of the Abbasid Sunni doctrine, this addition to the Fatimids were not safe from other Shiites who covet to have a share in the succession, led Qaramita, The era of the Fatimids in Egypt has become a home for the succession, and not just house the emirate, and all of these reasons, the essence of Sicilian city to take the new fence shield the evil enemies of the Fatimids and preserves their dignity and enable them to perform their rituals according to the Shiite sect.
City aristocracy
Cairo was in the early years of the old royal city aristocracy, limited to residential Fatimid caliphs and their state and recruited men and their slaves, and the Fatimid da'wa of a confidential nature at the beginning, and the impact on the design of this new city also .. The Egyptians were deprived from entering the city only after asking permission! This was also applied to the ambassadors of foreign countries, once they arrive to the city, they had to Atrgeloa for horses, and walk towards the palace between two rows of soldiers, and craftsmen and artists who work in a fortress Cairo were required to leave on the last day!, And here appears to us the real purpose of the construction of Cairo, which summed Maqrizi said:
(Developed in Cairo residential house of the caliph and his wife and his soldiers and its properties, and a hotbed of fighting holed up and moving to it .. it was the walls and fortifications built by the core surrounding the Palace of the Caliph of goats and government offices, housing soldiers and the house of money and the House of weapons and graves caliphs).
Describes the traveler and historian, another philosopher Persian Naser Khosrow situation says: (It seems that the palace from outside the city like a mountain to what was a complex of buildings is high, and he does not see from inside the city of high walls, this palace is composed of twelve building, with ten doors above the ground , as well as other sections under it, and under the ground the door out of it Sultan passengers, and that the door to the basement leads to the palace outside the city, and to this basement that connects the two palaces roof of an arbitrator, and the walls of the palace of stone carvings accurately, says it has held from the rock one! ).
The guard the palace by a thousand armed men, accompanied offers majestic, after ears of the evening prayer the Imam to pray, and make one of the princes to peace palace, and when a Nthae prayer issued his command of a squad of drummers and blower trumpets to abstain, and play other machines definitely music beautiful for two hours, then left the palace officer specially appointed for this Veloh spear and throw it first to the ground at the entrance, and then pick them up and closes the door and walking around the palace seven times, and after that is his tour live night watchman night, and the traffic prevented until dawn ..The processions of the Fatimid caliphs and their travel times in Ramadan, Eid, Ashura of Cairo's majestic scenes.
Why name
The door Zewailah, it is called by that name relative to a tribe of Berbers in North Africa, he joined the Army to its soldiers to open the essence of Egypt .. And the door Zewailah is Part III, which is still resistant to factors of time and neglect after the door of victory and conquests and this is the door most beautiful of the Three Doors and spectacular, with towers Mqosan at the base, the two like to ram the door Fotouh, but more rounded, and has a door Zewailah a square, the length of each side of ribs (25 meters) and the corridor door Zewailah covered the whole dome, has disappeared from most of the decorative elements ..When the structures king pro Sheikh Abu Al-Nasr mosque in 818 AH, chose the architect of the twin towers of the mosque door Zewailah and established the mosque's minarets on them .. The famous historian (Qalqashandi) Zewailah a lot from the door, and is reproduced in his book (Subh Aloash) verses of poetry by Ali Bin Mohammed indigo talk about the greatness of this section, including the words:
I cried if I saw the door Zewailah
I learned to be replaced as a structure
If the Pharaoh did not want seen
Edifice is recommended by Hamana
Called the general on the door Zewailah gate incumbent ..Where he was sitting in the entrance (Metwally), the collection of income tax to Cairo!
Out of the story
This is the story of the door Zewailah .. What about the incident hang Sultan Tumanbay and the suspension of his body at the door for three days? .. Tumanbay The story begins after the death of his uncle in the battle of Sultan Al-Ghouri (Marj glutinous), which disappeared in her body was found after the effect! .. Without the betrayal of the Mamluk princes to their power and their leader Al-Ghouri, he was able to defeat the Ottomans, to strike camp and Egypt, and Asdhm on progress towards it .. Signed but ended in the defeat Ghouri, and took the remnants of his army back to Egypt, and took the Ottomans invading army continues its march to Egypt under Sultan Selim I, and entertained by the people in Egypt is concerned, and are at a loss on the future, and raised some of the Mamluks sedition ..Was looted Khan el-Khalili, the killing of the traders Alerwam the grounds belonging to the Ottomans, and Hmataathm in the killing of Al-Ghouri, who had appointed his nephew (Tumanbay) as his deputy before he left to fight the Ottomans, and after killing him, the whole princes of Cairo on the selection of Prince Tumanbay authority of the country .. But declined to a critical situation and lack of money and poor means of defense and divide the hearts of princes and soldiers, and then came back and agreed after the urgency, and after that I swear Mamluk princes before him on the Koran not to betray their power new, and take is preparing to face the invaders .. Not adopted Tumanbay the Mamluks alone, but was keen to be involved children of Cairo in the defense of their homeland, and the camp was gathered Egyptian forces in the area (Ridanih), a district of the Abbasid now was of the view Tumanbay to come out with his forces to fight the enemy before they arrive to Cairo, But the prince did not obey, preferring to wait until the storm them the enemy their homes, and suggests I'm menopausal that Toman was wearing a robe of war and carrying stones with builders and dust with the deed during the digging of trenches, and describes what happened on the battle Ridanih is on Wednesday 28 of Dhu al-Hijjah years 92 2 AH says : (I arrived Vanguards Askar Ibn Osman at the pool (Haj) on the outskirts of Cairo, became irregular conditions of the military of Egypt, and closed the door Fotouh and the door of victory and the door of poetry and the door of the sea .. and closed markets, and shriek horn, and became the Sultan Tumanbay passengers that he is arranging the princes on the extent of their homes, and called out the military to fight, and I accept the Jund al-Othman spread like locusts, Vtlaqy armies in the early Ridanih, was a huge battle between the two teams and the killing of the Ottoman countless). I'm menopausal and goes on and says: (and then came to life in the Ottoman Empire, Egypt, killing of Lashkar-e-countless numbers.
This was guided by some princes traitors .. But the sultan Tumanbay proved himself in a fight a small number of slaves and the Mamluks Asalhaddaria shooters, and then multiplied by the Ottoman Empire and saw the military may say around him, afraid that he arrest him, Vtoy (Sandzak) any Royal flag and disappeared on the Torah).
The Ottomans entered the city of Cairo on the second day of the battle and speeches on behalf of Sultan Selim Shah, the pulpits of mosques, but Tumanbay did not give up and started organizing the rows and joined crowds of boys Cairo and Hdjaanha, and continued clashes between Tumanbay and the Ottomans for a long time has seen its streets and neighborhoods of old battles and attacks the popular resistance against the Ottomans, and in one of the attacks, the Popular Resistance, which took place in Bulaq, almost killed Selim I, after having taken Toman and his men had less of and took Ergmonh fire and stones, and in the stage of resistance against the invaders, took Tumanbay intercourse Sheikhoun a center of resistance popular, this mosque is located in a street Sheikhoun aesthetic, and was called the old Street (Saliba), known in the region around area Saliba, have taken place in this region, violent battles between the forces of the Mamluk and Ottoman strive where Tumanbay then escaped and walked out after that make sure that the balance of power is no longer in his favor.
After his escape burned Ottoman mosque Sheikhoun and houses around it, and killed more than ten thousand of the public and the boys, despite the ugliness of this retaliation but that the resistance is not over, and continued Toman mobilize men to repel the invaders, that was the last battle that took place at the region and the responses (Imbaba Now) and made the Askar Egypt wins in the beginning, but that the Ottomans had won in the end of their superiority in manpower and equipment, and that was the battle that broke after the resistance, and took Tumanbay looking for a place turn to so as not to fall into the hands of arch-Sultan Selim I, and resorted to his friend Sheikh Araban (Hassan Marei Bin), who had him out of prison, which incomes days of Sultan Al-Ghouri, but Sheikh Araban Wuxi him .. And reported by the Sultan Selim! Who liked his courage and tenacity in his dialogue with the latter, but it is ultimately Bashngah ..
Night hang Thomanukan Egyptian historian Ibn Iyas eyewitness to what happened and gave an accurate description of the facts of the day hanging Tumanbay which he said: (at the door Zewailah stopped behind the Sultan captured Tumanbay .. was in the custody of 400 soldiers of the Janissaries, .. and was tied up his horse .. The people in Cairo went out to get a glimpse of the farewell to the Sultan of Egypt ..
Tumanbay and looked forward to (the basement of the gate) and saw a rope hanging, he realized that the end has come .. Ftergel .. And progress towards the door at a steady pace .. Then stop and draw the people who gathered around the door Zewailah ..And looked forward to them a long time .. He asked everyone to read him light three times .. Then he turned to the executioner, and asked him to do its job) .. The hanging of Sultan Tumanbay restored it to the Sultan Selim in Egypt and the Levant, and lived in Cairo for a period of times during which the circumstances and manages its affairs, and ordered to carry money Egypt and ammunition, masterpieces and Nfaúsha and manuscripts to the capital of his own, and collect hundreds of craftsmen and workers and experienced and the people of character and has deported them to Constantinople, and left Egypt to the capitalhis property after three months of hanging Tumanbay which remained his national hero and a symbol of resistance, and remained his sword saved in the Cairo Museum of Islamic Art, which holds titles written in gold .. It just Sultan Abu al-Nasr Tumanbay .. Sultan of Islam and Muslims .. Abu poor and needy .. Fought the infidels and Almushartin .. Mohi justice in the worlds!
